INTRODUCTION

Natural cosmetics are becoming more popular among the general public. They promote an approach that connects environmental preservation and health protection. As a result, consumers of that type of cosmetic seek products that may guarantee a genuinely natural effect.

The number of studies proving the benefits of natural ingredients in cosmetics for dermatologic and hair care and disease treatment has increased over the last two decades. Colloidal oatmeal, for instance, has been shown to improve the treatment of psoriasis, and aloe vera shows benefits in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Because of their antioxidative properties, licorice, green tea, arbutin, soy, açai berry, turmeric, and pomegranate have been shown to help reduce hyperpigmentation [1].

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Almond Harvest and Preparation

Almonds (variety Pegarinhos) were chosen as natural ingredients in the Trás-os-Montes region and were obtained from an organic farmer in October 2022. The almond shells were separated from the almonds prior to the experiment. The almond shells were ground into powder (Fig. 1).

Figure 1: Steps of the preparation. a) Ingredients; b) mixture of ingredients; c) addition of almond shells and Cosgard; d) addition of essential oil; e) final exfoliation gel.

RECORDS

A traceability worksheet was created for each preparation (Table 1). This document was created in order to track the quantities and batches of each ingredient. In the event of a cutaneous reaction, it is beneficial to understand and research the irritant or allergenic component. The exact formulation is described in Table 2.

	Table 1: Example of a traceability worksheet.
	Table 2: Almond shell exfoliation gel formulation.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The term cosmetics, according to the European Regulation, refers to a product applied to the body to keep the skin, and thus the body, in good condition, to protect it from environmental influences and aging processes, to change its appearance, and to improve the smell of the body [15]. Natural, conventional, and organic cosmetics all have the same definition yet differ in some ways. Conventional cosmetics do not require the inclusion of certified natural and organic ingredients [16]. A natural cosmetic product must contain at least one ingredient derived from a natural substance obtained directly from a mineral or a plant, and it must not be produced synthetically. Organic ingredients may be present in small amounts in natural cosmetics. However, natural products are not always organic [17]. At least 95% of the ingredients in an organic cosmetic must be certified organic. These raw materials are derived from approved cultivation and extraction methods. They must be biodegradable and chemically as natural as possible. The remaining 5% of the formulation may be water, agricultural raw materials, or non-certified extracting agents approved for organic formulations [18]. This is why only natural and organic ingredients were chosen to prepare this formulation.

Glycerin has hygroscopic properties and is used in numerous skin moisturizing products as it appears to help alleviate dry skin problems by attracting water from the underlying layers.

Melissa hydrosol has soothing and calming properties, ideal for uncomfortable and itchy skin. It helps to prevent the appearance and reduce the signs of aging. It is a tonic that cares for damaged skin and tones sagging skin.

Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide commonly used for the stabilization and consolidation of cosmetic products.

Cosgard is a preservative that effectively preserves all preparations containing an aqueous phase. It is of synthetic origin yet is one of the few preservatives authorized by Ecocert and is widely employed in organic cosmetics.

Lemon essential oil provides purifying and tonic properties. Since lemon essential oil is phototoxic, we suggest using the distilled, furocoumarin-free form.

A certified organic farmer from the Trás-os-Montes region in Portugal provided the almonds.

The almond shell exfoliation gel may be applied to the entire body with a gentle rub. The product may be removed with a sponge, lukewarm water, or damp cotton. If well stored and manufactured in excellent condition, the product may last for up to one month.

CONCLUSION

Various societies, organizations, and digital influencers inform consumers on the advantages and benefits of using this type of product, addressing environmental, social, and ecological issues to make the population aware of environmental, social, and ecological concerns, as well as their own well-being.

The search for knowledge, acquisition, and use of natural and organic cosmetics is constantly growing, thus the topic is highly relevant, as is the interest in updating oneself and seeking accurate information to formulate organic and natural cosmetics.