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N Dermatol Online. 2011; 2(1): 35-45
Conflicts of interest: None
 
 

DERMATOLOGY EPONYMS – PHENOMEN / SIGN – DICTIONARY (B)

Brzeziński Piotr1, Hossein Sanaei-Zadeh2, Shane Tubbs3, Bonifaz Alexandro4, Arenas Roberto5, Royer-Bégyn Marie6

16th Military Support Unit, Ustka, Poland. brzezoo@wp.pl
2Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Sattar-Khan Ave., Niayesh St., Tehran, Iran. sanaeizadeh@gmail.com
3Division of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA. rstubbs@uab.edu
4Department of Dermatology and Mycology, Hospital General de México, Mexico City. bonyalx@servidor.unam.mx
5Sección de Micología Departamento de Dermatología Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Tlalpan, México. rarenas98@hotmail.com
6Service de dermatologie, Hôpital Larrey et Hôpital des enfants, Toulouse cedex 9, France. royer_marie@hotmail.com
How to cite an article: Brzeziński P, Hossein S-Z, Shane T, Bonifaz A, Arenas R, Royer-Bégyn M. Dermatology eponym – phenomen / sign – Dictionary (B). Our Dermatol Online 2011; 2(1): 35-45.
 
„BANDAID” SIGN
The “band aid sign” typically refers to one used to cover a pyogenic granuloma because it bleeds so easily. Typically the band aid has been on so long that its outline is easily visible when it is removed for the photograph to be taken. The net effect is a contact dermatitis.
 
Figure 1. “Bandaid” sign
Figure 2. “Bandaid” sign
 
BATTLE SIGN
This production of ecchymosis in the region of the posteerior auricular artery, behind the ear, caused by basilar skull fracture. In medical terminology, Battle’s sign, is an indication of fracture of the base of the posterior portion of the skull, and may suggest underlying brain trauma.
 
Figure 3. Battle sign
Figure 4. Battle sign
 
 
WILLIAM HENRY MARFLEET BATTLE
(23. February 1855 – 1936), was an English surgeon and teacher. Was born in Lincoln and educated at Lincoln Grammar School. Battle graduated in 1880 from St Thomas’s Medical School in London, England. He was a surgeon at St. Thomas’s Hospital and an associate of the Royal Free Hospital of London. He became Professor of Surgery and Pathology in the Royal College of Surgeons of England and taught in the Medical School for Women. He was the first to report a laparotomy to relieve intestinal obstruction caused by post-operative adhesions. Battle researched concussion and optic neuritis.
 
Figure 5. William Henry Battle
 
BAELZ’S SIGN
Characterized by painless ulcerating papules of the mucous membrane of the lips. Progression to SCC may reflect chronic actinic damage
 
EDWIN VON BAELZ
German phisican (1949-1913). Bälz was born in 1849 in Bietigheim-Bissingen in Germany. He attended grammar school in Stuttgart and studied medicine at Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen. Subsequently worked at the medical department of the University of Leipzig in 1869, and served as a medic in the German army during the Franco-Prussian War in 1870. He returned to the University of Leipzig in 1875. In 1876 Bälz’s he went to Japan. In 1881, he married a Japanese woman, Toda Hanako, and had two children. In 1902, he was appointed personal physician-in-waiting to Emperor Meiji and the Imperial household of Japan. Bälz taught more than 800 students in Western medicine during his tenure at the University of Tokyo. In 1905, Bälz returned to Germany. In Stuttgart, late in the summer of 1913, Bälz succumbed to heart disease. In 1883, while staying at the Fujiya Hotel in Miyanoshita, Hakone, Bälz noticed that his maid’s hands were chapped. He made a mixture of glycerin and water for her, which was later sold widely in Japan under the name of Bälz Water. It is also listed in the Japan Pharmacopoeia.
 
Figure 6. Edwin von Baelz
 
BANDY LEGS SIGN
A presentation of syphilis.
 
MIKHAIL AFANASIEVICH BULGAKOV
(1891–1940) was a Russian physician-writer whose doctor stories are based on his experience as a rural physician in a small village called Nikolskoye in the province of Smolensk.1(p8) Nikolskoye was his first assignment after studying medicine at Kiev University. After 18 months in Nikolskoye, he went on to specialize in venereology in Kiev. Shortly thereafter, he gave up a career in medicine for writing. All his life he was sceptical to the Soviet system and used his satire against the regime. He worked on his main work, The Master and Margarita, from 1928 until his death. The novel was not published in his lifetime.
 
Figure 7. Mikhail Bulgakov
 
BAR ROT SIGN
= paronychia refers to inflammation of the nail fold.
 
Figure 8. Bar rot sign
 
BARCOO ROT SIGN
Synonym: desert sore. The Barcoo River in western Queensland, Australia. Sign – „Barcoo Rot” characterised by crusted impetiginous skin sores and occurring in association with heat, dirt, minor traumas and a diet chronically deficient in fresh fruit and vegetables. Katharine Susannah Prichard writes in 1946: ‘They were nothing to the torture he endured when barcoo rot attacked him. The great sores festered on his back, hands and legs: his lips split and bleeding’. Barcoo Rot was the slow healing of skin wounds because of scurvy caused by a diet that consisted mainly of damper (bread baked in a camp fire).
 
BARTHOLINUS’S SIGN =
chromidrosis, perspiration with the color of black ink.
 
CASPAR BARTHOLIN THE YOUNGER (SECUNDUS)
Danish anatomist and physician, born September 10, 1655, Copenhagen; died June 11, 1738. Caspar Bartholin began his medical studies in 1671, and already in 1674, aged 19, he was appointed professor of philosophy by the King, Christian IV. In 1678 he was conferred doctor of medicine by his father, Thomas Bartholin.
 
Figure 9. Caspar Bartholin (Secundus)
 
BATEMAN’S SIGN
This is a synonym for molluscum contagiosum. Other synonyms are: epithelioma contagiosum, molluscum epitheliale, porcelaneum condyloma, molluscum sebaceum
 
Figure 10. Bateman sign (molluscum contagiosum)
 
THOMAS BATEMAN
English dermatologist (1778-1821). Thomas Bateman was born in Whitby, Yorkshire, on 29 April 1778. Thomas Bateman was a physician to the Carey Street Public Dispensary with Robert Willan in the first decade of the nineteenth century. Following Willan’s death with his work still incomplete, Bateman published a book, as an abstract of Willan’s full concept, which was probably the most influential dermatology text of the nineteenth century. This was the first classification of dermatology. He wrote a number of smaller papers, including all the entries in Abraham Rees’s The Cyclopaedia; or Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences and Literature (1819) from the letter C onwards, with only the exception of the 'History of Medicine’. He was the first librarian of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society. Died in Whitby, on 9 April 1821, at the age of 42.
 
BAZIN SIGN
= buccal psoriasis, leucoplasie linguale, leucoplaquia, glossite épithéliale papillomateuse végétante.
 
Figure 11. Bazin sign
 
ANTOINE PIERRE ERNEST BAZIN
French dermatologist, born February 20, 1807, Saint- Brice-sous-Bois, died December 14, 1878, Paris.Bazin in 1847 came to Hôpital Saint-Louis and began concerning himself with dermatology. Bazin remained here for the rest of his professional life. Bazin first investigated scabies and acne. He later devoted himself particularly to parasitary diseases. Bazin published over a dozen books on dermatological subjects. Bazin believed thattinea cutis glabre et capitis was due to Trichophyton, that alopecia areata was due to Microsporon We owe him the identification of ertyhema induratum. In 1851, Bazin wrote about molluscum contagiosum under the title of acne varioliformis, but his article was considered of slight value by Besnier. He also established a museum at the Hôpital Saint-Louis. Bazin agreed with Lorry that there were two varieties of eczema ; one of internal origin and the other due to external causes Bazin died suddenly of a pulmonary edema at the age of 71.
 
Figure 12. Ernest Bazin
 
BEARDED WOMAN SIGN
The occurence of type 2 diabetes and androgen exscess in postmenopausal women. Cause in unknow, also called Diabetis Bearded Woman Syndrome, Achard Thiers syndrome
 
BEAU’S LINES
Beau’s lines are deep grooved lines that run from side to side on the fingernail. They may look like indentations or ridges in the nail plate. Beau’s lines are horizontal, going across the nail, and should not be confused with vertical ridges going from the bottom (cuticle) of the nail out to the fingertip. Beau’s lines should also be distinguished from Muehrcke’s lines of the fingernails. While Beau’s lines are actual ridges and indentations in the nail plate, Muehrcke lines are areas of hypopigmentation without palpable ridges. There are several reasons that humans get Beau’s lines. It is believed that there is a temporary cessation of cell division in the nail matrix. This may be caused by an infection or problem in the nail fold, where the nail begins to form, or it may be caused by an injury to that area. Some other reasons for these lines include trauma, coronary occlusion, hypocalcaemia, skin disease, and may be a sign of systemic disease. It may also be caused by an illness of the body, such as diabetes, psoriasis, certain drugs, as well as other drugs used in chemotherapy. Severe zinc deficiency has also been proposed as a cause of Beau’s lines. Beau’s lines can also be seen one to two months after the onset of fever, in children with Kawasaki disease.
 
Figure 13. Beau’s lines
 
JOSEPH HONORÉ SIMON BEAU
(1806–1865) was a French physician, who is famous for his investigations of the physiology of the heart and the lungs. Beau made on of the first descriptions of cardiac insufficiency and asystole, sometimes called Beau’s syndrome. Beau commenced his studies in Lyon, then went to Paris and received his doctorate in that city in 1836 with a thesis entitled „De l’emploi des évacuans dans la maladie connue sous les noms gastroentérite, dothinthérite etc.” In 1839 he became physician at the Bureau central, later at the Hôpital Cochin. In 1844 he became professeur agrégé at the medical faculty.
 
Figure 14. Joseph Bau
 
BEIGEL’S HAIR SIGN
Synonym: piedra alba, piedra nigra, trichomycosis nodosa alba et nigra. Described in 1865.
 
HERMANN BEIGEL
German phisican (1830-1879). Was born w1830 years, studied in Greifswald, Wroclaw and Berlin. During the 1870-1971 campaign was the 65th doctor pułkowym Infantry Regiment. Póxniej procował in the newly created Maria-Theresia-Woman’s Hospital in Vienna. where he worked until his death. Published in the sixties rich descriptions of diseases of the skin and hair, „Über abnorme Haarentwicklung Menschen beim”, „Überelevatum Papilloma area, etc.,” „Zur Naturgeschichte des Corpus luteum.
 
Figure 15. Hermann Beigel
 
BILLARD’S SIGN
Blue discoloration f the skin, covering the face, neck and upper part of the chest. A sign of toxic exposure to indigo.
 
Figure 16. Billard A.
 
BLUE HAIR SIGN
Blue hair as seen in workers in cobalt and indigo mines.
 
BLUE TOE SIGN
In patients with Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans in the earley stage, there is a vague erythema with minimal swelling. Usually the changes are sharply bordered, nave a blue-red tint and slowly expaned. Sometimes only digits is involvedinitially – blue toe sign.
 
Figure 17. Blue toe sign
 
BLUE PINK STRIAE SIGN
Striae on the abdomen and upper things which are bluepink in colour. A sign of Cushing’s syndrome.
 
Figure 18. Blue pink striae sign
 
HARVEY WILLAMS CUSHING
American surgeon (1869-1939), Born in Cleveland, Ohio. Cushing came from a family of distinguished physicians. He graduated in arts from Yale in 1891 and in medicine from Harvard Medical School in 1895. After working at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, in 1912 he became professor of surgery at Harvard and surgeon-in-chief at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston , where he built an internationally renowned school of neurosurgery.
 
Figure 19. Harvey Cushing
 
BORDA SIGN
The presence of marked actinic damage in a young patient with Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
 
Figure 20. Porphyria cutanea tarda
 
BORDA JULIO M.
Born 1961 in Buenos Aires Argentina.
 
BORELLUS’S SIGN =
chromidrosis (colored sweat). An affection of the sweat-glands in which the effused secretion is colored. Green sweat has been caused by copper.
 
BOTTLENECK PHENOMENON
Exist, intermarriage among tribal clans caused an amplification of recessive alleles and the emergence of disease-specific entities such as Navajo poikiloderma, Navajo neuropathy, severe combined immunodeficiency, and Athabaskan brainstem dysgenesis. The expression of a recessive allelic gene product appears to contribute to the increased prevalence of certain skin disorders in the Native American populations.
 
BREAKBONE SIGN
A week of fever with rash, headache and joint pain associated with a mosquito bite. An indication of Dengue fever
 
BOWDITCH’S SIGN
Tinea imbricata found in the Bowditch, Union Islands (South Pacific Ocean).
 
Figure 21. Tinea imbricata
Figure 22. Tinea imbricata
 
BROCQ’S SIGN
= synonim: parakeratosis psoriasiformis. Present in: dermatitis seborrhoica pityriasis lichenoides.,
 
ANNE JEAN LOUIS BROCQ
French dermatologist, born Feb. 1, 1856, Laroque- Timbaut; died Dec. 18, 1928. He studied in Paris where in 1878 and received his doctorate in 1892. He then undertook further education with Jean Alfred Fournier (1832-1915), Jean Baptiste Emile Vidal (1825-1893) and Ernest Henri Besnier (1831-1909). In 1891 he became physician at the Hospice la Rochefoucauld, in 1896 at the Hôpital Broca, where he devoted his efforts to the establishment of a dermatological research institution equipped with the very most modern of aids. From 1906 to 1921 he worked in the Hôpital Saint-Louis. He retired in 1921 and died 1928. In 1900 he authored Pratique dermatologique, the first encyclopedia of dermatology in the French language. Brocq descriptions of numerous skin disorders, including keratosis pilaris, parapsoriasis and a form of dermatitis called „Duhring-Brocq disease” (dermatitis herpetiformis). Other: Brocq’s pseudopelade, Brocq-Pautrier angiolupoid.
 
Figure 23. Anne Jean Louis Brocq
 
BRUG’S SIGN
In 1927 Lichtenstein A. and Brug SL. discovered a microfilaria in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) which was morphologically different from W. bancrofti and called it Filaria malayi (Brug, 1927; Lichtenstein, 1927; Brug, 1928; Brug and de Rook, 1930). This is skin lymphatic disease caused by nematodes transferred by the bite of an infected masquito
 
BRUSSELS’S SIGN
= sinonim: mycosis fungoides. Adam Thomson described a case of mycosis fungoides in a young girl of the age fourteen whom he saw in Brussels toward the end of October 1893.
 
Figure 24. Mycosis fungoides (Brussels’s sign)
 
BUHL’S SIGN
= synonym: icterus neonatorum
 
LUDWIG VON BUHL
German pathologist (1816-1880). In Munich,he devoted himself to study at universities and in 1839 obtained a doctorate. In 1850 he was appointed professor eo, 1854 prorector of the university in general hospital and in 1859 appointed professor of general pathology and pathological anatomy. In association with Pettenkofer and Voit he founded „Journal of Biology” in it has in the first treatise „On the etiology of typhoid fever on the relationship of the temporal occurrence of this disease on the state of groundwater in Munich made aware”. Buhl is remembered for his work with infectious diseases, particularly research of miliary tuberculosis. His name is associated with „Buhl’s disease”, a rare disorder of newborns that he first described in 1861. This disease is defined as an acute parenchymatous fatty degeneration of the liver, kidney, or heart, combined with hemorrhages into the various organs.
 
Figure 25. Ludwig von Buhl
 
BULL’S EYE SIGN
=synonym erythema migrans in Lyme disease.
 
Figure 26. Bull’s eye sign (Erythema migrans)
 
BURNS SIGN
Dermoid cyst found in Burn’s space. (A narrow interval between the deep and superficial layers of the cervical fascia above the manubrium of the sternum through which pass the anterior jugular veins). O
 
ALLAN BURNS
(18 September 1781 – 22 June 1813) was a Scottish surgeon and physician. A lecturer on surgery and anatomy at Glasgow, he studied medicine in Glasgow. In 1809 he published Observations on Diseases of the Heart, and in 1812 Observations on the Surgical Anatomy of the Head and Neck.
 
BUTTERFLY SIGN
The butterfly rash of systemic lupus erythematosus.
 
BUTTONHOLE SIGN
Soft papules that invaginate on pressure then return to level of skin (neurofibroma) in Neurofibromatosis.
 
Figure 27. Buttonhole sign
 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
Figure 11 Estelle LAMBERT BIUMInfo 12, rue de l’Ecole de Médecine – 75006 Paris, France estelle.lambert@bium.parisdescartes.fr
 
REFERENCES
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