A Mini-review on Eponyms in the Dermatology Literature Linked to United States of America (usa)

republic consisting of fifty states and a federal district [1]. At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km 2) and with around 315 million people, the United States is the third-or fourth-largest country by total area and the third-largest by both land area and population [1]. The U.S. is a global leader in medical innovation. America solely developed or contributed significantly to 9 of the top 10 most important medical innovations since 1975 as ranked by a 2001 poll of physicians,. Since 1966 Americans have received more Nobel Prizes in Medicine than the rest of the world combined [1]. Large numbers of the eponyms we use currently, in dermatology are originated from USA, and many new conditions in dermatology are being named after scientists from USA. In Table I, we selected some examples of eponyms in dermatology literature which are linked to USA [2-23]. Eponyms in the dermatology literature linked to USA Remarks Becker nevus [2] Also known as Becker melanosis It appears , first as an irregular pigmentation on the torso or upper arm (though other areas of the body can be affected). This form of nevus was first Bloom syndrome [3] It is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by short stature and predisposition to the development of cancer. The condition was discovered and first described by New York

The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly called the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a federal republic consisting of fifty states and a federal district Large numbers of the eponyms we use currently, in dermatology are originated from USA, and many new conditions in dermatology are being named after scientists from USA.In Table I, we selected some examples of eponyms in dermatology literature which are linked to USA .

Eponyms in the dermatology
literature linked to USA

Remarks
Becker nevus [2] Also known as Becker melanosis It appears , first as an irregular pigmentation on the torso or upper arm (though other areas of the body can be affected).This form of nevus was first documented in 1948 by American dermatologist Samuel William Becker (1894-1964), (Fig. 1).

Bloom syndrome [3]
It is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by short stature and predisposition to the development of cancer.The condition was discovered and first described by New York dermatologist Dr. David Bloom, (Fig. 2), in 1954.

Remarks
Bowen disease [4] Also known as "squamous cell carcinoma in situ".It is a neoplastic skin disease, it can be considered as an early stage or intraepidermal form of squamous cell carcinoma.Named after, John Templeton Bowen (1857-1940), (Fig. 3), who was an American dermatologist.
Cannon diseases [5] This is another name for White sponge nevus , an autosomal dominant condition of the oral mucosa caused by a mutations in certain genes coding for keratin.The clinical characteristics of the white sponge nevus were first described by Hyde in 1909, followed by Cannon in 1935.A.

Dennie -Morgan fold [6]
Also known as a Dennie-Morgan line or an infraorbital fold, is a fold or line in the skin below the lower eyelid caused by edema in atopic dermatitis.Named after the 2 physicians who described it.Charles Clayton Dennie (1883-1971), was an American dermatologist.
Dilated pore of Winer [7,8] It was first reported by Winer in 1954.Dilated pore was seen predominantly in young adult males as a solitary brown to black, giant comedo with central pore, which is nonpalpable due to lack of infiltration.Louis H. Winer (1903Winer ( -1990), (Fig. 5), was an American dermatologist.
Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus (FEP) [10] It is an unusual neoplasm that was first described by Hermann Pinkus in 1953 as a premalignant fibroepithelial tumor.Although FEP traditionally is considered to be an unusual variant of basal cell carcinoma, its indolent nature and often asymptomatic clinical presentation suggest that it may be best classified as a benign counterpart of BCC, such as a trichoblastoma.It is named after Hermann K. B. Pinkus , (Fig. 7).Fox-Fordyce disease [12] It is a rare inflammatory disorder that affects the apocrine sweat glands.Originally described, in 1902, by 2 American dermatologists; George Henry Fox (1846-1937), (Fig. 9), and John Addison Fordyce (1858-1925), (Fig. 10).

Table I. Selected
Goltz syndrome [13] This is another name for, focal dermal hypoplasia.Also called Goltz-Gorlin syndrome.It is a rare syndrome and may result in multisystem disorders.Robert William Goltz, is an American dermatologist, born 1923.Robert James Gorlin , was an American oral pathologist and geneticist.
Grover disease [14] This is another name for transient acantholytic dermatosis .The disease was named for Dr. Ralph Grover after he reported the condition in 1970.
Netherton syndrome (NS) [16] NS is characterized by the triad of trichorrhexis invaginata, ichthyosis linearis circumflexa, and an atopic diathesis.It is named after Earl Weldon Netherton, an American dermatologist.Who described a 4-year old girl with scaly red and different hair, which he called bamboo hair, because of how it looked in the microscope.
Sister Mary Joseph nodules [19] It is a metastatic lesion of the umbilicus originating from intra-abdominal or pelvic malignant disease.The English surgeon Hamilton Bailey, in his famous textbook "Physical Signs in Clinical Surgery" in 1949, coined the term "Sister Joseph's nodule" after Sister Mary Joseph (1856-1939) (Fig. 15) a superintendent nurse at St. Mary's Hospital in Rochester, Minnesota, USA, who was the first to observe the association between the umbilical nodule and intra-abdominal malignancy.
Spitz nevus [21] Also known as spindle and epithelioid cell nevus.It is a benign melanocytic nevus.Named after Sophie Spitz , (Fig. 17), the American pathologist who originally described it in 1948.
Sutton nevus [22] This is another name for Halo nevus, which is a mole that is surrounded by a depigmented ring or ‚halo'.Named for , Richard L. Sutton (1878-1952), (Fig. 18).

Wood's lamp [23]
Wood's lamp was invented in 1903 by a Baltimore physicist, Robert W. Wood (1868-1955), (Fig. 19).It was first used in dermatology practice for the detection of fungal infection of hair by Margarot and Deveze in 1925.

Table I. Selected
[1].At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km 2 ) and with around 315 million people, the United States is the third-or fourthlargest country by total area and the third-largest by both land area and population [1].The U.S. is a global leader in medical innovation.America solely developed or contributed significantly to 9 of the top 10 most important medical innovations since 1975 as ranked by a 2001 poll of physicians,.Since 1966 Americans have received more Nobel Prizes in Medicine than the rest of the world combined [1].

Figure 2 Figure 5 .Figure 6 .Figure 11 .
Figure 2. David Bloom, photo by Fabian Bachrach.A courtesy of National Library of Medicine, USA

Table I . Selected Eponyms in the dermatology literature linked to USA
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